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High Power Microscopes

An
electron microscope
is a type of microscope that uses electrons to illuminate a specimen and create an enlarged image. Electron microscope has much greater resolving power than light electron microscope and can obtain much higher magnifications. Some electron microscope can magnify specimens up to 2 million times, while the best light electron microscope is limited to electron microscope of 2000 times. Both electron and light microscopes have resolution limitations, imposed by their wavelength. The greater resolution and magnification of the electron microscope is due to the wavelength of an
electron microscope
. The
electron microscope
uses electrostatic and electromagnetic lenses in forming the image by controlling the electron microscope beam to focus it at a specific plane relative to the specimen in a manner similar to how a light electron microscope uses glass lenses to focus light on or through a specimen to form an image. The original form of electron microscope, the transmission electron microscope (TEM) uses a high voltage electron microscope beam to create an image. The electron microscope are emitted by an electron microscope gun, commonly fitted with a tungsten filament cathode as the electron microscope source. A "light source" at the top of the electron microscope emits the electron microscope that travel through vacuum in the column of the electron microscope. Instead of glass lenses focusing the light in the light electron microscope, the TEM uses electron microscope lenses to focus the electron microscope into a very thin beam. The
electron microscope
beam then travels through the specimen you want to study. Depending on the density of the material present, some of the electron microscope are scattered and disappear from the beam. At the bottom of the electron microscope the unscattered electron microscope hit a fluorescent screen, which gives rise to a "shadow image" of the electron microscope specimen with its different electron microscope parts displayed in varied darkness according to their electron microscope density. The image can be studied directly by the operator or photographed with a camera.

The electron microscope samples largely have to be viewed in vacuum, as the molecules that make up air would scatter the electron microscope. One exception is the environmental scanning electron microscope. Scanning electron microscopes usually image conductive or semi-conductive electron microscope materials best. Non-conductive electron microscope materials can be imaged by an environmental scanning electron microscope.

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viviwyy

My tooth is still painful after canal treatment?

canal treatment was done under microscope and covered all 4 canals of tooth (upper six). after 2 months of mild pain it is being retreated and it got really painful.

As with most invasive medical or dental procedures, complications can occur. Here are some possibilities.

Sometimes when a root canal is opened for treatment, the oxygen in the air will trigger some bacteria to start growing, causing inflammation and pain.

Bacteria may get pushed out through the tips of the roots. Blood vessels enter the tooth through a small hole (the apex of the root) at the bottom of the root. Sometimes during a root canal procedure, bacteria are pushed out through this small hole into surrounding tissue. If this happens, the surrounding tissue will become inflamed and possibly infected. This can be treated with painkillers, and sometimes antibiotics, but the site could be painful until it clears up.

A root canal treatment can puncture the side of the tooth. This can happen if the canal is curved or if the canal cannot be located. The instruments are flexible so that they bend as the canal curves, but sometimes the instrument makes a small hole in the side of the tooth. If saliva can get into the hole, the tooth will have to be treated further or extracted. If the hole is far enough under the gum line that saliva can't reach it, it may heal.

A root canal may be missed or an entire canal may not be fully cleaned out. Locating canals within the tooth can be difficult. If a canal or an offshoot of a canal isn't located and cleaned out, the tooth can remain infected and the root canal procedure will have to be repeated. This also can happen if a canal isn't measured correctly and pieces of infected or inflamed pulp are left near the bottom. Occasionally, root canals have branches that are not accessible to traditional treatment.

A file may break. The tip of a file may break off inside the tooth. Usually, it's possible to leave the piece in the tooth and finish the root canal. But if the cleaning of the canal has not been finished, the file piece may have to be removed. Sometimes this can be done from the top of the tooth. However, in some cases, the file can only be removed through a surgical procedure called an apicoectomy. A small incision is made in the gum to access the root of the tooth, and the portion of the root containing the file piece is removed.

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