Best Lab Equipment

Here are some more information for Tyler Testing:

When utilizing the test in a new cultural group, it is not quite as simple as directly translating the test, administering it and then comparing the results for its validity. There are a number of issues that need to be considered such as whether the area assessed with the test applies to the new culture or whether is may be biased towards that group and whether what is assessed by the test also has similar behavioral indicators? These are just some of the potential areas where bias can be found in the translation of tests and affect the validity of the test being utilized in the new context.

Van der Vijer & Hambleton (1996) differentiates between three distinct types of bias that may affect the validity of tests that have been adapted for different cultural contexts and these are construct bias, method bias and item bias.

Construct bias occurs when the construct (e.g. personality) that is measured by the test displays significant differences between the original culture for which it was developed and the new culture where it is going to be utilized. These differences can occur in the way that the construct was formulated and developed as well as in the relevant behaviors that are associated with the construct. It is critical to examine whether the underlying theory of the test is subject to construct bias and this can be examined through the studies examining the construct and its associated behaviors in the context that it will be utilized in. If there are significant differences found in these studies, it may indicative that there is construct bias. Major revisions may be required to overcome this bias. If not, the validity of the test will be affected.

Method bias refers to factors or issues related to the administration of the test that may affect the validity of the test. Examples of areas that method bias can occur include social desirability, acquiescence response styles, the conditions in which the test was conducted and the motivation of the respondents. Across cultures, there potentially can be differences that can occur in these areas and these can affect the way that the respondents answer the items in the test. This potentially may lead to differences between found that can be erroneously attributed to cultural differences when in fact, these differences are the result of differences in the administration procedures. As a result, it is threat to the validity of tests that have been adapted for use in new cultures. Test developers also not only need to focus on the adaptation of the test itself but also need to be aware of issues regarding the implementation of the test in a new context.

Item bias is another source of bias that can occur in the translation of tests and these refer to biases that occur with the items in the test. This is usually the result of either poor translation choices for items or due to culturally inappropriate translations. For example, the phrase "kick the bucket" is essentially a phrase that referring to passing away in the Western context and is commonly known by most people in that culture; unfortunately, this phrase would have no meaning for people from cultures without any prior experience with that phrase. In this manner, a literal translation of that phrase would be a poor translation as it does not convey the correct meaning of the item. The items in the test need to be culturally equivalent, where the meaning of the items needs to be correctly translated so as to maintain the validity of the test in the new cultural context.

These are some of the biases that may occur during the translation of tests. Test developers will need to be aware of the sources of bias and take the appropriate measures to avoid these biases.

References:

Van der Vijer, F. and Hambleton, R. K. (1996). Translating tests: some practical guidelines. European Psychologist, 1, 89-99.

If you are serious about using psychometric tests properly then we recommend joining PsyAsia International's Psychometric Assessment at Work Course which leads to a certificate of competence in Occupational Testing Level A and Level B from the British Psychological Society. The Course is run publicly in Singapore and Hong Kong or in-house anywhere.

Alternatively, you might be interested in introductory Online Psychometric Test Training presented live by a registered psychologist. PsyAsia is offering a special fee of just US$12 for anybody who registers for the February online psychometric training course!

Dr. Graham Tyler is an award-winning organizational psychologist, Chartered Scientist & director of PsyAsia International, an HR training, consulting & assessment organization with offices in Hong Kong and Singapore & clients globally.

Please visit PsyAsia at http://www.psyasia.com and http://www.psychometricassessment.com.

Make Her Fall in Love With YOU- 5 Time Tested Ways to Make HER Attracted to YOU

It's long been a desire for most guys to make a woman fall in love. It's also been known for a long time that most guys fail to make a woman fall in love with them. This combination does not really work out all that well when your goal is to attract women and be successful in relationships. It can easily make you wonder whether or not you will ever be able to accomplish this. Ease up and relax yourself for a minute. There are some classic and time tested ways to make a woman fall in love with you that you can learn and put into practice.

Without going on for too long, here they are:

1. Be spontaneous.

Women commonly complain that the men that they meat are too "vanilla," too ordinary and do nothing to get things going for them. The problem is that we as men love routines and we become used to things being a certain way and we don't want them to change. You have to get a little bit more spontaneous if you want to make a woman fall in love with you. Going to the same restaurant every weekend may appeal to you, but just to spice things up, try something different once in a while. This does not just apply to going out to eat. It applies to many other things as well.

2. Get to know little things about her.

She already knows that you an notice how her body looks and what color her hair is. You want to impress a woman by being to point out the little things about her. The things that not every guy picks up on. This will make her think of you as having a much closer connection to her and she will appreciate this. With most guys, they fail to do this. And they of course, fail to create attraction with a woman.

3. Flirt with her.

Your flirting with a woman should NEVER stop. When yo spot a couple that seems to have that connection that eludes most people, you can easily see that they keep flirting with each other. This works to keep things fresh and make you always seem like the guy that gives her those little butterflies in her stomach. When you are the guy that does this, not only will she fall in love with you, she will STAY in love with you. And that's better than anything else.

4. Remain confident around a woman.

Women are always dropping little "tests" on a man. When they do this, they are looking to see how you will respond. If you are the kind of man that quivers when she tests you, then slowly she is going to stop seeing you as an alpha male, who is confident in himself. Self confidence is a huge attractor in both men and women and you cannot lose this.

5. Find out what she wants in a man and give it to her.

This may sound really simple, but do you know how many guys have no clue what a woman wants? Of course, if you are unaware of what will create attraction with her, the chances of her falling love with you are not that good. You have to be able to tap into what she really desires from a relationship and be the man that gives it to her. Otherwise, there are many other guys that WILL line up. This does not mean that you should ever become her little puppy dog on a string. Rather, you should know what causes her attraction and make it happen.

About the Author

Learn how to
create attraction with women
and become the kind of guy that women fall in love with. Free Report Reveals how to
Attract Beautiful Women
and KEEP Them! Copyright © 2009 Chris Tyler All Rights Reserved.

Can one get into MIT with a B for a final grade one semester in AP chemistry?

Hey,
After getting 2 A's, I bombed 1 test and it has put me at a B for the third six weeks and maybe a C for the exam. If this unfortunate event comes true, I will have a B as my semester grade for AP chemistry. Will MIT automatically refuse me because of this?? I am a junior and am taking Calculus BC and AP Physics. Can I still get into MIT, especially if I get 5's on my AP tests.

You can have a few B's. Just make sure to have a 2250 plus SAT's and some stellar math/science related activities and honors. It's not just about grades.

And the Award Goes To...
Note: This week's Market Outlook was covered by Optionetics.com's Chris Tyler. Friday's "Best Picture" honors go to the bulls but this week's coming attraction of a double top could spell trouble. For the five-day period, the SP-500 ( SPY ) is up 3.17% on a crowd pleasing performance potentially worthy of profit-taking before another sequel might be released. THE WEEKLY NUTSHELL It's the ...

Thanks for visiting!